Packing of carbon black



I June-3,1930. l LE-RoY E. Pl-:cK 761,228

' PAcKiNG oF CARBON BLACK I 'Filed June 25; 1928 INVENTO ATTORNEYPatented June 3, 1930 UNITI-,2D STATES PATE-NT OFFICE LE noY ELLswoB'rHPEcx, oEnIvEnToN, wYoMING, AssreNon To coLUMBmN can BON COMPANY, or NEWYonx, N. Y., A conPonArroN or DELAWARE PACKING or CARBON BLACKApplication led June 25,1928. Serial No. 288,266.

. A` great deal of diliicult has been encoun tered heretofore in the pac'ng of lamp black, carbon black and similar extremely light and finelysubdivided powders. They cannot be compressed by ordinary means as alarge amount of occluded air or other gases is compressed at the sametime and in expanding lwhen the pressure is relieved, the powder goesback to its loose readily dusting condition. Tamping is alsounsatisfactory. To reduce the volume the occluded gases have beenremoved by making a paste of the powder and a volatile liquid and thenevaporating the liquid to leave the powder in cake form, but thisinvolves the use of a mixing apv pa'ratus and then heat treatment toremove.

the liquid.

I have discovered that by delivering the N material to a receiver andsubjecting the receiver to the action of centrifugal force durin and ifneed be, after the delivery, the .partic es of owder will crowd closelytogether, thereb orcin out. the air from between the partie es and t epowder may be brought to very compact form with very much greater weightper unit of volume and with less oceluded air. This reduction in thevolume for a unit of mass is of special importance in the vshipment andstorage of the product and reducesfthe dusting properties during themixing of the product with other ingredients, but does not prevent thecompact mass `from being readily returned to its original light floc-'culent condition or its dispersion in' rubber, printers ink or othercompostions in which carbon black and lamp black are used soextensively. L

' In carrying out my invention I preferably use paper bags as thereceivers vinto which the material, hereinafterl referred to as carbonblack, is packed, and I mount these bags in suitable receivers so thattheyare externally sustained during the delivery ofthe carbon blackthereto, and the carbon black may be' continuouslydelivered during thehigh speed rotation of the apparatus. v

` The material is thusypacked directly in the bags and the mass ofpacked material will be homogeneous throughout and comparatively free.of occluded gases.

' In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated merely one embodimentof my invention, although it will beobvious that various changes may bemade in the details of construction of the various parts within thescope of my invention as defined in the appended claims.

In these drawings:

Ifg. 1 is a top plan View, a portion of the casing being shown in openposition and partly broken away; and

Fig. 2 isa longitudinalsection on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

In the construction illustrated there is provided a distributing head 10which may be secured to' a drive shaft 11 ywhich preferably has its axissubstantially vertical and driven from the lower end portion by anysuitable form of driving means, not illustrated.

'1.he head includes a central chamber 12 which is closed by a bottomwall to which the shaft 11is secured and open at the top for theentrance of the carbon black. This distrlbutmg head has a. pluralit ofradially extending nozzles 13, each o which communicates at its innerend with the chamber 12-so that as the head is rapidly rotated and`materialis delivered into the head from the upper side, the materialwill be delivered through thelseveral nozzles by the action ofcentrifugal force. The material is delivered from these nozzles directlyinto containers which are preferably in the form'of 'paper bags 14suitable for the storage and shipment of the material. Theentrance'opening of each bag may be gathered around the end of thenozzle and heldl in place by any suitable retaining means, such forinstance as springs 15`pressing resilientl against the outer surface ofthe nozzle an holding the edge of the bag wall against the outside ofthe nozzle.

` For supporting the bags in horizontal position and support-ing theouter surface against the ressure of the material against the inner si eof the bag as well as resisting radial movement of the bags yandcontents under the action of centrifugal force, I provide each bag witha casing formed of two separable sections. These sections may be ofapproximately semi-cylindrical form with Ami one ed e and suitableclampsor fasteners21 along t e opposite edge.I Thus the lower .half

of each casing section is held rivid tin res' ect to the distributinghead, while the upper alf may be swung to open position as shown at thelower part of Fig. 1 so .that an empty bag may be inserted and a filledone removed.

The rotating parts may be .mounted in .a `suitable casin or shield 22which serves to cut down win resistance to fthe rotationl and also toprotect the workmen incase any parts should break loose during the highspeed rotation of the shaft, distributing head and bag casings. v.

The shaft 11 may extend through a. suitable anti-friction'bearin inthebottom of this casing or shield, whi e the to wall may have a funnel orconduit 23 pro]ecting into or registerin with the -top opening of thedistributing be delivered to the latter during the rotating of theenclosed parts.

A portion of this outside lshield or casin 22 is removable to permitaccess to be gaine to the bagcasings.

1 As illustrated in 22 has two normall Fig. '1 the shield ori-,casingshaped sections 24 hinged at o posite `si es andeach enclosing a portiono the top, bottom and peripheral walls of the shield or outer casing 22.By swinging these sections away from each other as indicated in Fig. 1one ofthe bag casings will be exposed so that it may be opened. Therotatable parts may be turned a little at a time until the several bagcasings are brought into such position as permitsthe -insertion ofthe'bags andthe reclosingof the bag casings. The sections 24 may then bereturned to normal pcsitionand secured -tother in any suitable manner asfor ,instance g; a catch 25.

The bearing shown atthe lower `part of Fig. 2 and which supports theshaft 11, con- I stitutes a part of or is mounted the main frame of themachine, and the casing22 may be rigidly secured to this bearingor toany l other suitable part of the frame of the machine so as to hold thecasing in position and prevent it from rotating. The funnel or conduit23 is secured to the casing and depende from the latter, the proportionand positioning being such that it forms' a comparatively close runningfit with the rotating head 10.

ame 17, the ends of 'which are Ahigher may be employed.

jspeeded up to thedesired s ead so that the material may"v j 4Delivery.may 'be The driving mechanism for the shaft 11 ymay be such as will-give .a speed depending -upon the extent to which it isvdesired tocomlpact lSpeeds in the neighborood `of .1.600 revolutions `per minuteor .In the .conse-neem Vlitres-.ami the disvhead has six vnoazles sothat six ofthe .bags .may be .filled at the same time,

but it of ooursebelevident that a larger or smaller number Amay beemployed.

.In operation thefrotatabledparts may be and a stream of carbon blackslowly de vivered to the interior of the distributing head so that itwill be delivered vin substantially equal quantities to the severalbags. Such air as enters the packer lalong `with the ycarbon black may`pass linto the bags with the latter, but due to the centrifu al action,the particles of carbon i black wi l'foree their way to the bottom ofthe bag, and the Voccluded air will find its way backout'through thedistributing head or between the bag walls and the nozzles, but as thereis no stream of the lair goin in exce t such as is occluded with thecaiion blac there will be Lno such outflow of air as will carry out withit any objectionable quantity of the carbonblack in dust form.

The rotation may be keptup fora limited period after the delivery ofA,powdered material ceases, if desired, to give additional compactingaction.

continuous lor intermittent and may start before or while the apparatusis speeding u n The material compacted yin the bags to such densitythatnone or little ofthe black will flow outrof the bags after rotationceases and `the Iremoval of the bags even hough they are supported inhorizontal posiion.

In-some constructionsthe shield or casing 22 may fbe' @made of greaterhei ht and thel frame members 17 may be 'pivote to the distributingheadlrather' than yrigidly secured so that vwhen theapparatus is atrest. the frames will'hang down and the bags will beinvertical.rather-thanhorizontalA `tion.

As the apparatus starts -rotating and the speed increases, `centrifugalforce would swing the bag containers `out'vvardly to thehorizontalposition as shown in Fig. 2.

Havingthus describedmy invention, what I claim as new .and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is.:

.1. .A carbpn black packing apparatus, including a distributing headmounted for rotation about la vertical axis and having an inlet at theupper end thereof, a peripherall disposed series of outlet openings, .apluraly-l ity of-frame members `secured to said head andv extendingradially. therefrom, and a plu'- rality ofcas1ngs leach carried by acorrespending one of said -frame lmembers and 2. A carbon black eachhaving an inner open end registering with a corresponding outlet of saidhead, each of said casings including two 'casing sections separable in aplane at right angles to the axis of rotation of said head for enclosinga removable carbon black receiver.

acking apparatus including a distributing ead mounted for high speedrotation about a vertical axis and having radially disposed deliverynozzles and an ax1ally disposed inlet, a plurality of frame memberssecured to said head, a casing carried by each frame member forenclosing and supporting a paper bag, and means for securing the openend of Ieach bag to the corresponding nozzle.

3. A carbon black packing apparatus, in-

cluding a substantially cylindrical non-rotatable outer casing, a shaftmounted for high speed rotation and projectin into said casing from thebottom thereof, a istributing head secured to the upper end of saidshaft and disposed within said casing, said head having an inlet openingin the top thereof and radially disposed nozzles, frame members securedto said head, bag receiving casings carried by said frame members andeach including two parts hinged together, one of said parts beingsecured to its corresponding frame member, means on each nozzle forsecuring thereto the end of a bag disposed within the correspondingcasing, and means in the top of said outer casing for directing thecarbon black into said distributing head.

4. An apparatus for filling bags with pulverulent material including avertically disposed shaft having a head provided with radially extendingoutlet nozzles, said head being open at the top, means associated witheach nozzle for clamping to the latter the mouth of the bag to befilled, and a plurality of casings carried by said head and enclosingand supporting the bags, said casings each having a top section movableto permit insertion and removal of said bags.

5. An apparatus for filling bags with pulverulent material including adistributing head mounted for rotation about a vertical axis and havingradially disposed delivery nozzles, a frame secured to said head andhav- 7. An apparatus for filling bags with pulverulent material`including a shaft mounted for h igh speed rotation and provided with adistributing head secured to the upper end thereof, said head having aninlet opening in the top and radially disposed nozzles, frame memberssecured to said head, bag recelving casings carried by said framemembers and each including two parts hinged together, whereby bags maybe inserted in and removed from said casings, and means on each nozzleinde endent ofthe corresponding casing for securing thereto the mouth ofthe bag within Jthe corresponding casing.

8. An apparatus for filling bags with pulverulent material including adistributing head mounted for high speed rotation about a vertical axis,said head having an inlet opening in the top thereof and radiallydisposed nozzles, a plurality of casings mounted for rotation with saidhead and each including a section rigid in respect to the correspondingnozzle, but spaced from the latter, a second section hinged to the rstmentioned section, and means for securing to each nozzle themouth of abag within the corresponding casing.

' Signed at Riverton in the county of Fremont and State of Wyoming this19t-h day of June, A. D. 1928. i

LE ROY ELLSWORTH PECK.

securing to each nozzle the mouth of the bag in the correspondingcasing. l

6. An apparatus for filling bags with pulverulent material including ashaft mounted for high speed rotation and provided with a distributinghead secured to the upper end thereof, said head having an inlet openingin the top and radially disposed nozzles, frame members secured to saidhead, and bag receiviw: casings carried bv said frame "members rsi

